《孫子算經卷上》 "Sun Tzŭ's Computational Classic: Volume I"
§14. Rod calculus division: 6561 \div 9

This section gives a fully worked example of the rod calculus division algorithm described in §9.

Translation

Chinese source text: Version A, Version B, Version C, Version D.
Unless noted otherwise, I follow the text from Version D, 《知不足齋叢書》本.

Source text Target text Notes
六千五百六十一、九人分之、問人得幾何。
答曰、七百二十九。
Six thousand five hundred [and] sixty-one: [with] nine people sharing it, [we] ask, how much getteth [each] person?
Answer saith: seven hundred [and] twenty-nine.
  • In modern notation:
    6561 \div 9 = 729.
術曰、先置六千五百六十一於中位為實、下列九人為法。 Method saith: first put six thousand five hundred [and] sixty-one upon [the] middle places as [the] dividend, [and] below [it] rank [the] nine people as [the] divisor.
上位置七百、以上七呼下九、七九六十三、即除中位六千三百。 [In the] upper places put seven hundred, [and] calling [the] lower nine with [the] upper seven: seven nines [are] sixty-three, that is, remove from [the] middle places six thousand three hundred.
  • Version B has 上頭位置七百 for 上位置七百.
退下位一等、即上位置二十、以上二呼下九、二九十八、即除中位一百八十。 Retreat [the] lower place [by] one rank, that is, [in the] upper places put twenty, [and] calling [the] lower nine with [the] upper two: two nines [are] eighteen, that is, remove from [the] middle places one hundred [and] eighty.
  • Version B has 二九一十八 for 二九十八.
又更退下位一等、即上位更置九、即以上九呼下九、九九八十一、即除中位八十一。 And retreat further [the] lower place [by] one rank, that is, [in the] upper places put further [a] nine, that is, call [the] lower nine with [the] upper nine: nine nines [are] eighty-one, that is, remove from [the] middle places eighty-one.
中位並盡、收下位。上位所得、即人之所得。 [The] middle places altogether exhausted, take back [the] lower place. That which resulteth [in the] upper places, is that gotten of [each] person.
自八八六十四至一一如一、並準此。 From eight eights [are] sixty-four unto one one [is] as one: together [be they] standardised [to] this.
  • I think this is saying that the same procedures as above are used to compute
    \begin{alignedat}{3} 8 \times 8 &= 64; & \quad 64 \times 64 &= 4096; & \quad 4096 \div 8 &= 512 \\ 7 \times 7 &= 49; & \quad 49 \times 49 &= 2401; & \quad 2401 \div 7 &= 343 \\ & & & \text{etc.} \end{alignedat}
    in the sections to follow.

Cite this page

Conway (2023). "Sun Tzŭ's Computational Classic: Volume I §14". <https://yawnoc.github.io/sun-tzu/i/14> Accessed yyyy-mm-dd.